# Redox Dual Action

### ROS-Dependence: CONTEXT-DEPENDENT DUAL ACTION

Polydatin exhibits sophisticated redox modulation depending on cellular environment and metabolic state:

**At *****lower doses***** or in normal cells:**\
Acts as an antioxidant, activating Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathways, protecting normal tissues from oxidative damage. Enhances endogenous antioxidant defences by activating SOD and GSH-Px.

**At *****higher doses***** in metabolically stressed tumour cells:**\
Functions as a pro-oxidant, generating excessive ROS through NOX5 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Cancer cells with pre-existing oxidative stress, high metabolic demands, or impaired antioxidant capacity are particularly vulnerable to this cytotoxic oxidative burst.

<mark style="color:blue;">See</mark> <mark style="color:blue;">**References for Mechanisms of Action**</mark> <mark style="color:blue;">Page</mark>

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